Кафедра політології
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Browsing Кафедра політології by Author "Haran, Olexiy"
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Item Between Russia and the West: Prospects for Ukrainian Foreign Policy Choices(1998) Haran, OlexiyThe disintegration of the Soviet Union and the emergence of the newly independen states created a new geopolitical situation, not only in Eastern Europe, but on the global level a well. The West lost its main enemy, the Cold War is over, and many Americans believe tha there are no grounds for U.S. involvement in the affairs of the former Soviet Union. However, Russia remains a great power with a huge nuclear arsenal, and the future of economic and political reform is unclear, as its foreign policy, especially in the so-called “near abroad.” The conflicts in this region influence the domestic and foreign policies of Russia and destabilize the situation in Eastern Europe, providing new challenges for Western policy in this region.Item Communism and De-communization: Study Of The Rise And Collapse Of Communism In Indonesia And Ukraine: A Comparison(2024) Rambe, Safriza; Chrisnandi, Yuddy; Haran, OlexiyThe rise and fall of communism have caught the attention of many observers, including Indonesia and Ukraine. It is interesting to observe that communism in both countries had received wide support during its revival, but ended in destruction in Indonesia and Ukraine, which used to be countries that had the ideology of communism and later denounced communist regimes and banned propaganda of its symbols. This study wants to compare the existence of communism in Indonesia and Ukraine by referring to aspects of ideology and people's acceptance, forms and ideologies adopted by the two countries, figures who propagated it, supporting organizations, and the collapse of communism in Indonesia and Ukraine. This study uses a qualitative method by prioritizing library research in data collection which then analyses and explains the meaning of the data or interprets it as accurately as possible.Item Constructing a Political Nation : Changes in the Attitudes of Ukrainians during the War in the Donbas(Stylos Publishing, 2017) Bekeshkina, Iryna; Sydorchuk, Oleksii; Burakovskiy, Ihor; Zolkina, Mariia; Haran, Olexiy; Chabanna, Marharyta; Kermach, Ruslan; Haran, Olexiy; Yakovlyev, MaksymWhat effect did Russia’s attack have on Ukrainian society and on public opinion? And how, in turn, did changes in public opinion and in society influence Ukrainian identity and politics? This book, prepared by the School for Policy Analysis, National University of Kyiv–Mohyla Academy with the participation of the Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation, shows that contrary to the Kremlin’s expectations, Russian aggression has in fact led to a strengthening of the Ukrainian political nation. The book covers national and regional dimensions of changes in the attitudes of Ukrainians during the war in the Donbas: identity issues, political and party preferences, approaches to decentralization and the conflict in the Donbas, economic sentiments, changes in foreign policy attitudes toward the EU, NATO, and Russia.Item The EU and Ukraine's Public Opinion: Changing Dynamic(2022) Haran, Olexiy; Burkovskyi, PetroAfter the collapse of the Soviet Union, Ukrainian society and political establishment chose a different path of transformation than Russia. Ukraine gained its independence peacefully and without internal conflicts thanks to an agreement between the national-democratic opposition and the so called "nationalcommunists". The West appreciated the facts that 1) Ukraine was the first state from the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to re-elect both president and parliament in the 1994 democratic elections; 2) in contrast to Russia’s 1993 constitution, which established a model of creeping authoritarianism in that it placed massive authority on the president, Ukraine’s 1996 constitution was a compromise between the president and parliament; 3) again in contrast to Russia, political opposition in Ukraine was much stronger. In fact, only one president, Leonid Kuchma (1994–2004) was reelected. The rest, except fugitive Viktor Yanukovych (2010–2014), lost elections to their opposition rivals. In parliamentary elections opposition parties defeated ruling rivals in 2006, 2007 and 2019. All Ukrainian governments also had to take the interests of the country’s different regions into account. Thus, this system was much more balanced than the Russian model. From the point of view of Western political science, "pluralism by default" emerged in Ukraine, i.e. unplanned and unintentional pluralism.Item Fighting for Freedom: Ukrainian Assessment of the Implications of the Russian Invasion for South Asia(2022) Haran, Olexiy; Burkovskyi, PetroSince the 2000s, Russian President Vladimir Putin’s policy towards Ukraine was aimed at restoring full control of the nation’s political, economic, and security systems. It contradicted Russian legal obligations as Ukraine had given up its nuclear weapons and Russia was among the guarantors of its territorial integrity. Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 resulted in heavy sanctions, which Moscow did not foresee, while Kyiv demonstrated better adaptability to the changing war situation and accelerated its integration with EU. Russia has been losing its status as a great power and the invasion has cost it dearly. Russian foreign and security policy in South Asia since 2014 is being questioned. The war between Ukraine and Russia created a profound global strategic and economic crisis for the South Asian countries. At the same time, it showed how smaller nations can defend themselves by building networks of clos partnerships with other neighbouring nations. The conflict also proved how manipulations with energy resources and food supplies can constrain such cooperation and how spread of narratives helps the aggressor state to disguise plans to build spheres of influence. Despite some attempts in South Asia to stay neutral between aggressor and its victim, or even to benefit from the war, withdrawal of the Russian troops from Ukraine would be beneficial for South Asian countries.Item Ukraine Needs Hard Security Guarantees, NATO Membership Preferred(George Washington University, 2022) Burkovskyi, Petro; Haran, OlexiyThe responsibility for preventing Russia’s invasion of Ukraine lies both on the West and on Ukrainian society, which was not unified about Ukraine’s NATO membership. All of the Russian talk about the NATO "threat" was just a cover-up for the real task of destroying Ukrainians as an independent nation. In the present situation, Kyiv is carrying the bloody burden of the European war alone, though with significant Western support. To prevent Ukraine’s and Europe’s failure in what appears to be a long-term struggle with Russia, it is necessary to recognize and accept the necessity of real security guarantees (unlike the Budapest-type 1990s "security assurances"). One option may be a non-bloc variant with real security guarantees provided by the US, the UK, France, and perhaps Turkey, Poland, and others. It should include immediate military support, including troops on the ground if Russia attacks Ukraine. A second option for Kyiv would be moving toward NATO membership. In this case, very painful compromises regarding Russian war crimes and some territories lost in 2014 may have to be considered.Item Union européenne, OTAN : la société ukrainienne a fait son choix(2023) Haran, Olexiy; Burkovskyi, PetroLa résistance ukrainienne s'inscrit dans un temps long, ouvert par l'indépendance de 1991 et confirmé en 2014. Une tendance continue a rapproché très largement l'opinion du pays de l'UE puis de l'OTAN, la conduisant à chercher une véritable séparation avec la Russie et surtout avec son héritage historique soviétique. Accélérant des processus déjà en cours, l'Ukraine entend sortir de la guerre comme une véritable démocratie européenne.